Significant progress has been made during the first year of the initiation of this project. The average seed set at Baton Rouge was 47% and ranged from 0 to 94%. Analysis of another set of 38 S. alterniflora plants collected from brown marsh areas using AFLP technique indicated existence of unique genetic variation which will be useful in breeding superior plants with tolerance to abiotic stresses. This grass can be found growing on sandy aerobic or anaerobic soils with pHs ranging from 3.7 to 7.9. Smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) is used extensively for shoreline protection and tidal marsh restoration on the Atlantic and Gulf coasts because of its aggressive colonizing ability and tolerance to a wide range of salinity. ex Elliott Spartina laevigata Bosc ex Link Spartina merrillii A. Chev. Hollow stems grow from 2-4 ft. (0.6-1.2 m) tall. The Jaccard similarity coefficient computed from RAPD and AFLP data ranged from 22% to 89%, indicating a high level of genetic diversity. Eight hundred mutagenized plants were produced from two different mutagens; Ethyl Methane Sulphonate and Sodium Azide, and were evaluated in a marsh location in Progress made by the end of this project includes completion of the phenotypic and molecular characterization of S. alterniflora lines, selection of superior lines and polymorphism survey of the parents for construction of the Spartina molecular map. Fusarium palustre was associated with the dieback of Spartina alterniflora in its native North American saltmarshes. ‘Vermilion’ smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) is cultivar of smooth cordgrass (Spartina alternifloraLois.) Agron. Goals / Objectives Characterize Spartina alterniflora accessions at the phenotypic and molecular level. It is native to the eastern United States, but is considered invasive, in salt marshes, in California. Fourteen RAPD primers and 26 AFLP primer combinations generated a total of 201 and 2430 DNA fragments respectively. Spartina alterniflora is known to reproduce vegetatively via rhizomes (Callaway and Josselyn 1992; Proffitt et al. glabra (Muhlenberg ex Elliott) Fernald, Rhodora 18: 178. endstream endobj 97 0 obj <>/Metadata 7 0 R/Pages 94 0 R/StructTreeRoot 14 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences 118 0 R>> endobj 98 0 obj <>/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 94 0 R/Resources<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 99 0 obj <>stream In the southernmost part of coast of China, two height forms of Spartina alterniflora, tall and short, have invaded Leizhou Peninsula within the last decade. Usage Requirements. Protocols for fingerprinting Spartina Spartina alterniflora commonly known as smooth cord grass is a species that inhabits marsh habitat in its native range, where introduced It is known to establish itself in wave-protected mud and sand flats and grow very quickly into dense impenetrable stands. Plant and Animal Genome XI, San Diego, CA, Jan 11-15, 2003, Final Abstract guide, p:113. Conversely, negative correlations between growth traits and rust reaction were observed. 1916. Spartina alterniflora is a perennial grass that expands via underground rhizomes. Large amount of variability was noted for these traits and 45 plants with consistent superior growth characteristics were selected for further evaluation. Compared Positive correlations were found among all vegetative traits representing plant growth. Data Source and References for Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass) from the USDA PLANTS database Name Search name search type enter a search name 72(1): 138-148. Bertness, Mark D. … Several RAPD primers were used to screen the hybrid mapping population which confirmed the hybrid nature of the population making it suitable for development of a molecular map.ImpactsCostal wetland loss continues to be a major environmental problem in the state of Louisiana. alterniflora using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) and AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) DNA markers have been standardized. Progress made during the reporting period include completion of the phenotypic and molecular characterization of 40 selected lines from the collected germplasm and 38 lines from brown marsh sites, selection of superior clones from the mutagenized population and polymorphism survey of the parents for construction of the Spartina molecular map. An automated system was developed and used to generate regular and random The hybrids were evaluated in the marsh, and the best performing ones were identified for next round of crossing and selection. Bertness, Mark D. 1984. Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene (saltgrass, 2003). Ecology. Using Random Amplified Fragment DNA Polymorphism (RAPD) and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) markers, 40 genotypes from seven accessions were fingerprinted. Development of smooth cordgrass lines with improved seed producing ability and other desirable growth characteristics and stress tolerance will accelerate the on-going restoration projects by providing options for a range of improved plant materials, thus directly impacting the economy and environment of the state of Louisiana.Publications, Progress 01/01/03 to 12/31/03OutputsThe overall goal of this project is to develop improved smooth cordgrass lines for utilization in coastal restoration projects. S. alterniflorahas been introduced to new regions both intentionally and unintentionally. A molecular genetics laboratory has been established within the LSU Agricultural Center's Department of Agronomy to conduct research involving wetland plant species. (smooth cordgrass) (Denno 1977, 1978), with Spartina alterniflora “…an inferior host plant for development” (Denno 1977: 366). Late flowering accessions were associated with increased spread and tiller density but not with the other traits. Ribbed mussels and Spartina alterniflora production in a New England salt marsh. Several RAPD primers were used to screen the hybrid mapping population which confirmed the hybrid nature of the population making it suitable for development of a molecular map. Phytopathology 93:S74 (Abstr.). 0 Above- and belowground biomass and nutrient pools of Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass) in a South American salt marsh Author: Negrin, Vanesa L., de Villalobos, Ana E., Trilla, Gabriela González, Botté, Sandra E., Marcovecchio, Jorge E. In case of RAPD, 176 fragments were polymorphic where as 708 fragments were polymorphic in AFLP analysis. Spartina alterniflora Taxonomía Reino: Plantae División: Fanerógama Magnoliophyta Clase: Liliopsida Orden: Cyperales Familia: Poaceae Subfamilia: Chloridoideae Tribu: Spartina alterniflora (espartillo de cangrejal o borraza) es una gramínea perenne caducifolia que se halla en áreas inundadas intermareales, especialmente estuarios saladares. Spartina alterniflora Loiseleur-Deslongchamps, var. Spartina alterniflora has also been found to hybridize with S. foliosa, producing offspring that may be an even greater threat than S. alterniflora by itself. The Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) blooms and Spartina alterniflora (S. alterniflora) invasion have caused serious damage to local ecological environment. ����I0��$��[-D2j�H�@�� D�ƁH�o@��a&�ރmg`V��Cw �g� The clones are also currently fingerprinted to determine and compare the amount of genetic variation between the clones and seedlings. p:12. An ADF isolated from a monocot halophyte, Spartina alterniflora (SaADF2), imparted significantly higher level of drought and s … Actin-depolymerizing factors (ADFs) maintain the cellular actin network dynamics by regulating severing and disassembly of actin filaments in response to environmental cues. The mean percent germination was 43 % with a range of 3 to 89%. A number of crosses have been made for initiating the recurrent selection program. Intl. Nevertheless, since all sampled individuals represent unique genotypes and all sampled marshes exhibit relatively Rescuing the coast with biotechnology. The properties of waves passing through rigid and flexible model vegetation as well as live Spartina alterniflora and Juncus romerianus were measured. 154 0 obj <>stream A population of 100 hybrids involving two smooth cord grass lines has been generated for construction of a genetic map to locate the quantitative trait loci for seed characteristics. %PDF-1.7 %���� Ryan, A.B., Subudhi, P.K., Venuto, B.C., Harrison, S.A. and Shadow, R.A. 2003. continuous and long term program with the goal of developing seed propagated synthetic smooth cordgrass varieties which maintain a broader genetic pool.ImpactsCoastal wetland loss continues to be a major environmental problem in the state of Louisiana. smooth cordgrass. 65(6): 1794-1807. [14512] 4. common cordgrass Spartina anglica C.E. The differences in clustering pattern indicated the potential of molecular markers in accurate assessment of genetic diversity. Spartina alterniflora, the smooth cordgrass, saltmarsh cordgrass, or salt-water cordgrass, is a perennial deciduous grass which is found in intertidal wetlands, especially estuarine salt marshes. h�bbd```b``� "&�H�� ��̞"Y��9 �� Cameron parish. Cluster analysis was performed on agronomic and molecular data based on genetic distance within each accession (among plants) and among accessions from the same location. Plant and Animal Genome XI, San Diego, CA, Jan 11-15, 2003, Final Abstract guide, p:113. In addition, development of smooth cordgrass lines with improved seed producing ability and other desirable characteristics also will accelerate the on-going restoration projects by providing options for a range of improved plant materials, thus directly impacting the economy and environment of the state of Louisiana.Publications, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, 203 - Plant Biological Efficiency and Abiotic Stresses Affecting Plants, 212 - Pathogens and Nematodes Affecting Plants, 201 - Plant Genome, Genetics, and Genetic Mechanisms. The purpose of the project is to support long-term Spartina control planning. Assessment of genetic diversity in Louisiana native smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) accessions using molecular markers. Spartina alterniflora: Preserving, protecting and defending coastal Louisiana. Plant Sci. (Poaceae, saltmeadow cordgrass), Spartina alterniflora Loisel. Bertness, Mark D. 1991. Ecology. to the original 126 native accessions, the selected plants demonstrated a significant improvement in many of the seed and germination related traits. Spartina brasiliensis Raddi Spartina glabra Muhl. We isolated a v-ATPase gene (SaVHAc1) from Spartina alterniflora or smooth cordgrass, a plant native to Louisiana coastal salt marshes and expressed it in transgenic tobacco and rice. Using RAPD and AFLP markers, 40 genotypes from seven accessions were fingerprinted. Preliminary results show considerable natural variation among the original collections across south Louisiana for traits contributing to plant establishment from seed. This is a Compared to the original 126 native accessions, these results demonstrated a significant improvement. Trachynotia alterniflora Steud. }Pc��؆�nͿ�%ٲl�J��� �����s�;�gBx&5�3���+l$@��)�L(��f�ѸAn��2+���4�-.�i@��4S |��\R{�B��ăxG$ͤpD2L*�a�KjK�����p�PG0�h:H�4�(���).��Ng ��0����c�$��;���\^hT�Si���L���b��޼��z9K��q^�2V��fo�"��&��X=��h��̢�oŻQ�Yt�2��. Trachynotia alterniflora (Loisel.) Observations were recorded two times on vigor, spread, tillering, and rust infection on individual plants. To determine if Vermilion (a released clone commonly used in restoration projects) seedlings are comparable to This study validated the possibility of transforming the abandoned S. alterniflora into a biological resource to inhibit M. aeruginosa blooms through allelopathy. The mean percent germination was 43 % with a range of 3 to 89%. Root aerenchyma development in Spartina5 117 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<5AA68FA4C9FF314BB0D91E1A72901282>]/Index[96 59]/Info 95 0 R/Length 108/Prev 148061/Root 97 0 R/Size 155/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Phytopathology 93:S74 (Abstr.). 2011). Progress 01/01/02 to 12/31/02 Outputs Activities included collecting 50 Spartina alterniflora accessions from highly impacted dying marsh sites in Louisiana. Invasive Spartina alterniflora (S. alterniflora), a native riparian species in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, has led to serious degradation to the ecosystem and biodiversity as well as economic losses since it was introduced to China in 1979. スパルティナ・アルテルニフロラ（Spartina alterniflora）は、イネ科の植物で、北米東部原産。 外見はヨシに似ており、高さ2mまで成長する場合もある [2]。 干潟や川の河口など汽水域で繁茂し、見た目は日本在来植物では水辺に生えるヨシすなわちアシ（葦・芦）に類似する。 Smooth cordgrass will tolerate regular inundations with 0 to 35 parts per thousand salinity. The average seed set across selected genotypes at Grand Terre Island was 51%, ranging from 7 to 83 %. Hybridization between the selected S. alterniflora plants were continued in both greenhouse and field to advance the recurrent selection program. Analysis of 40 selected lines evaluated in two field trials revealed that plants selected from accessions with superior seed germination rates also showed significant differences for all other traits. Although application of agronomic and molecular techniques for improving crop species is well documented, these have not been routinely applied to species of ecological and environmental value. Characterization of Louisiana native Spartina alterniflora populations. DNA fingerprinting protocols developed through this project will help to test the authenticity of plant materials used in the restoration projects. S. alterniflora plants collected from brown marsh areas indicated existence of unique genetic variation which will be useful in breeding superior plants to resist brown marsh phenomenon. Development of smooth cordgrass lines with improved seed producing ability and other desirable characteristics will accelerate the on-going restoration projects by providing options for a range of improved plant materials.Publications, Progress 01/01/02 to 12/31/02OutputsCoastal erosion and wetland deterioration are serious and widespread in the state of Louisiana. h��Xmo�6�+��b�ė�PH�5�tC�. It dominates the marshes in its native range. Mutation experiment has been initiated and 800 M1 plants from two different mutagens; Ethyl Methane Sulphonate and Sodium Azide have been evaluated in a marsh location, and in the first cycle, 50 lines have been selected based on their growth, vigor and seed set characteristics for selfing, crossing and further evaluation.ImpactsMaintenance of adequate vegetation in the existing and newly restored marshlands can help slow down the coastal wetland loss in the state of Louisiana. The average seed set was 49% with a range of 0 to 94%. %%EOF 96 0 obj <> endobj Analysis of the selected plants revealed that plants selected from accessions with superior seed germination rates also showed significant differences for all other traits. 50 Spartina alterniflora production in a New England salt marsh developed through this project superior rating were selected further... 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